看推特数据如何”塑造”地区形象

高度信息化的今天,社交媒体向我们提供直接认识外界的一个窗口,决定着大家对一个地区的认知,像是一双对地区形象“塑型”的“看不见”的手。 

由Kaizong Ye,Coin Ge撰写

根据这个背景,tecdat对素有“塞上江南”之称的宁夏热门推文(hot tweet,推特中的热门推文是指被转推或被收藏过的推文,相比普通推文影响力更大)进行了分析。

根据这个背景,tecdat对素有“塞上江南”之称的宁夏热门推文(hot tweet,推特中的热门推文是指被转推或被收藏过的推文,相比普通推文影响力更大)进行了分析。

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情感分析(sentiment analysis)是近年来国内外研究的热点,其任务是帮助用户快速获取、整理和分析相关评价信息,对带有情感色彩的主观性文本进行分析、处理、归纳和推理。

情感分析包含较多的任务,如情感分类(sentiment classification)、观点抽取(opinion extraction)、观点问答观点摘要等。因此很难简单地将其划归为某一个领域,往往从不同的角度将其划归到不同的方向。如果单纯地判别文本的倾向性,可以将其看作是一个分类任务;如果要从观点句中抽取相关的要素(观点持有者、观点评价对象等),则是一个信息抽取任务;而如果要从海量文本中找到对某一事物的观点,则可以看作是一个检索任务。

随着互联网技术的迅速发展和普及,对网络内容管理、监控和有害(或垃圾)信息过滤的需求越来越大,网络信息的主观倾向性分类受到越来越多的关注。这种分类与传统的文本分类不同,传统的文本分类所关注的是文本的客观内容(objective),而倾向性分类所研究的对象是文本的“主观因素”,即作者所表达出来的主观倾向性,分类的结果是对于一个特定的文本要得到它是否支持某种观点的信息。这种独特的文本分类任务又称为情感分类

情感分类

情感分类是指根据文本所表达的含义和情感信息将文本划分成褒扬的或贬义的两种或几种类型,是对文本作者倾向性和观点、态度的划分,因此有时也称倾向性分析(opinion analysis)。

情感分类作为一种特殊的分类问题,既有一般模式分类的共性问题,也有其特殊性,如情感信息表达的隐蔽性、多义性和极性不明显等。

针对这些问题人们做了大量研究,提出了很多分类方法。这些方法可以按机器学习方法归类,也可以按情感文本的特点划分。

1.按机器学习方法分类

根据机器学习方法所使用训练样本的标注情况,情感文本分类可以大致分为有监督学习方法、半监督学习方法和无监督学习方法三类。

有监督学习方法:基于有监督学习的情感分类方法使用机器学习方法用于训练大量标注样本。
2002首次将有监督的学习方法应用到情感分类中,文献中分别比较了多种分类算法以及各种特征和特征权值选择策略在基于监督学习的情感分类中的效果。2004将主观句摘要引入情感分类中;2010分析了极性转移对情感分类的影响;2011使用基于特征空间及分类算法的集成学习方法有效地提高了情感分类的性能。

半监督学习方法:基于半监督学习的情感分类方法是通过在少量标注样本上训练,并在大量未标注样本上进行学习的方式构建分类模型。
2009将多种机器学习方法(例如:聚类方法、集成学习等)融入基于半监督学习的情感分类中;面对情感分类中汉语标注语料匮乏的问题,2009采用协同学习方法使用标注的英文语料和无标注的中文语料实现了高性能的中文情感分类。2010将情感文本的表达分为个人的和非个人的两种视图,应用协同学习进行情感分类的半监督学习。

无监督学习方法:基于无监督学习的情感分类方法是指仅使用非标注样本进行情感分类建模。
以往的大部分研究工作都是通过情感分类标注的种子词集来实现无监督分类,2002通过计算文本中候选单词与种子情感词之间的点互信息来计算文本的情感倾向性,选择“excellent”和“poor”作为种子词,在得到每个单词与种子词之间的点互信息后,根据SO-PMI计算每个词的情感倾向性,并通过词语计数的方式计算文本的整体情感倾向性。2006通过基于HowNet的语义分析抽取单词的情感信息。2009根据样本空间中文档与单词的共现关系,基于潜在狄利克雷分布(latent Dirichlet allocation,LDA)的浅层语义分析方法获取未标注样本的标签。

2.按研究问题分类

根据情感文本分类中侧重关注的问题,可以将情感分类研究划分为领域相关性研究和数据不平衡问题研究两类。

领域相关性研究:情感分类是一个领域相关(domain-specific)的问题,当训练集和测试集属于不同的领域时,基于监督学习的情感分类方法通常会表现出较差的效果。因此,领域适应性(domain adaptation)研究成为一个重要课题,其目的就是尽量使情感分类器在跨领域学习时保持一定的分类性能。

2005针对领域适应中的特征选择、分类器融合和训练集的组合等问题做了详细分析。2007提出了一种基于结构共现学习(structural correspondence learning,SCL)的情感分类领域适应方法,在跨领域情感分类中取得了较好的性能。2010利用基于图模型的Graph-Ranking算法处理中文情感分类中的领域适应问题。2011将集成学习方法应用于“多领域”情感分类,让多个领域的资源互相帮助,从而使整体的情感分类性能获得提升。

数据不平衡问题研究:情感分类往往牵涉样本的正负类别分布不平衡的问题。

Li et al.(2011b)对实际情况中的样本不平衡问题做了深入分析。假设在情感分类中有N个样本的训练数据,其中包含N+个正类样本和N-个负类样本。目前大多数研究总是假设正类样本数和负类样本数是平衡的,即N+=N-,但实际情况并非如此,更一般的情况是训练数据中一类样本要远远多于另一类样本。

针对不平衡数据的有监督情感分类问题,Li et al.(2011c)提出了一种基于中心向量的不平衡情感分类方法。
该方法包括以下几个步骤对不平衡数据的标注样本进行训练:
①将“多类”里面的所有训练样本进行聚类;
②在各个聚类里面进行内部层次采样,获得同“少类”相同规模的样本;
③使用这些采样样本并结合整个类的中心向量构建的新向量进行训练学习。该方法借鉴中心向量充分利用“多类”里面所有样本的分类信息,获得了比其他传统采样方法或者代价敏感方法更优的分类性能。

针对不平衡数据的半监督情感分类问题,Li et al.(2011b)提出了一种基于协同学习的半监督学习方法。
该方法有如下两个特点:
①使用欠采样技术对训练样本进行平衡采样,用于构建多个欠采样分类器,利用多个分类器对非标注样本进行标注;
②采用动态特征子空间的方式,即每次迭代重新生产特征子空间,增加多分类器之间的差异性,进一步提升协同学习的性能。
实验结果表明,该方法在处理情感分类的数据不平衡问题上,能够利用非标注样本提高分类性能。另外,该工作的一个贡献是首次提出了一种针对不平衡数据分类的半监督学习方法。

针对不平衡数据的情感分类中的主动学习问题,Li et al.(2012b)提出了一种集成确定性和不确定性样本选择策略的方法,用于主动选择不平衡数据中信息量大的样本以提高分类性能。其中,确定性和不确定性分布由两个分开的特征子空间进行控制,不确定性用于选择信息量大的样本,确定性用于选择尽量平衡的数据。此外,对于确定性判断出来的“多类”非标注样本进行自动标注,进一步降低样本的标注规模。实验证明,在同样的标注情况下该方法能够大幅度提高不平衡数据的分类性能。


研究人员发现网友们关注的主题,同时倾听大家呈现出来的态度及情感。根据对135,592条推特用户自主在线发布消息的分析,我们发现了一些值得注意的内容。

“消费购物” 成为关注度最高主题, 超过十分之一的推文与饮食有关 

可以看到,热门推文中有关的主题有4个,根据场景的不同分别为 “消费购物”、“工业经济”、“健康养生”、“休闲生活”


自适应网页宽度的 Bilibili 视频

视频

文本挖掘:主题模型(LDA)及R语言实现分析游记数据

探索见解

去bilibili观看

探索更多视频

有关消费购物的推文所占比例最高,推特用户中最关心的宁夏议题是消费购物。

 

属于消费购物类的主题包括Market, oilsoil,food,wolf berries,drinking,wine,共6项,所占比例为32.6%;

属于休闲生活的主题包括twter , instagram ,pic, youngliving , shot,共计5个,所占比例为20%。

消费购物词云中,我们发现驴友爱买的宁夏特产,如干红葡萄酒、枸杞酒、贺兰石等。

工业词云中,我们发现煤炭是宁夏的优势矿产资源。宁夏境内能源资源丰富,可利用的有石油、天然气、煤层气、水能、风能、光能等。这些资源为宁夏建设能源基地提供了强有力的保证。

健康养生词云中我们发现作为宁夏特产的枸杞,具有一定的养生抗氧化功效。

休闲生活词云中,我们发现宁夏作为旅游胜地,吸引了大量年轻人前来拍照游玩。

热门推文总体上以积极正向为主

从变化的情况来看,2016年的推文积极正面的评价比例最低,为42%,消极负面评价的比例为58%,是历年来最高的。

通过2016年推特的关键词,我们发现负面的议题包括:驴友评论宁夏干燥的天气、宁夏部分地区牺牲环境换发展、以及导游强迫购物现象

按照四个主题来看,在健康养生议题中,积极正面的评价为77.05%,略高于其他议题中正面评价的比例。同时可以看到休闲生活的负面评价比例最低。

热门推文中只有四分之一表现出了明显的情感

识别情感时,共有六种情感:anger(愤怒)、disgust(厌恶)、fear(恐惧)、joy(喜悦)、sadness(悲伤)和surprise(惊奇),在分析时会先为每条推文的每种可能情感打分。

如果六种情感可能性得分相差不大时,则情感类拟合为unknown(未知)。 如果某条推文被拟合得到某一类情感,该情感一定是强烈的情感。

 

从情感分析的结果来看,只有25.54%的推文表现出了强烈的情感。近四分之三的推文都没有表现出强烈的情感,情感拟合为unknown。

历时来看,随着时间的推移,热门推文表现出强烈情感的比例越来越多。在2008年,只有30.3%表达出了强烈的情感,而2016年,这个比例已经提升到42.8%。这表明,就宁夏地区议题而言,推特用户越来越倾向于表达出强烈的情感。

从情感的比例情况来看,喜悦高居第一位,且有上升的趋势

从所表达出来的情感来看,比例最高的情感是喜悦,占比16.19%;其次为悲伤,占4.49%。

 

joy呈现出逐年提高的趋势, 这说明热门推文中,含有喜悦情感的比例越来越多,而sadness呈现出小幅上下波动减小的态势。


数据样例

fullnamelike_numreply_numretweet_numtweet_idtweet_texttweet_timeurlusername
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TRACE RevOiLution000870286020494987008What time is it!!! Time for your Ningxia fix.... bring on Thirsty Thursday!!! via http://ripl.com pic.twitter.com/CZNntXeqEX2017-06-01 14:28:51https://twitter.com/Trace_MyOilGal/status/870286020494987264Trace_MyOilGal
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Bimal Pr. Mohapatra202870250346970467968Like China is settling Han race people in its western Muslim dominated Xinjiang, Gansu, and Ningxia provinces.2017-06-01 12:07:05https://twitter.com/bimal_pr/status/870250346970468352bimal_pr
Cliff Huang400870208384112280064Those are pepper buns 胡椒餅! For food definitely go to Ningxia, especially this 賴記蚵仔煎 (oyster omelette thingy) near one of the entrances.2017-06-01 09:20:21https://twitter.com/Dellaran_0611/status/870208384112279552Dellaran_0611
China Daily607870203275601035008For the past five years, more than 300 kinds of wines from Ningxia won awards both in China and overseas.https://cards.twitter.com/cards/18ce54hceff/4ah3k …2017-06-01 09:00:03https://twitter.com/ChinaDailyUSA/status/870203275601035265ChinaDailyUSA
BusinessCentralAsia100870198894575010048Ningxia's heady with success in trading #wine; for more info kindly visit http://facebook.com/businesscentralasia …pic.twitter.com/inAwgLbLnM2017-06-01 08:42:38https://twitter.com/BCAmagazine/status/870198894575009792BCAmagazine
Xinhua Sports98135870170571148886016It's nice to see a #beachvolleyball game in summer. A total of 62 teams participate in the 2017 China Beach Volleyball Tournament in Ningxia pic.twitter.com/uxREFACYyE2017-06-01 06:50:05https://twitter.com/XHSports/status/870170571148886016XHSports
Jessica Bates100869699516240454016My new favorite way to drink a Ningxia zyng!! #yleo #youngliving #energy #tired #energydrink #zyng #ningxia #toxinfreepic.twitter.com/1PTbb4zrhA2017-05-30 23:38:17https://twitter.com/ningrlpwr/status/869699516240453633ningrlpwr
Laura000869629434428576000Who else loves their daily dose of #NingXia? Which NingXia product is your favorite? http://laurasessentials.org/  #fbpic.twitter.com/dXf1sk3dNT2017-05-30 18:59:48https://twitter.com/LaurasEssential/status/869629434428575744LaurasEssential
PositivParentSpecial101868470294511579008Proof is in the pudding! #pps #youngliving I love my Ningxia Red pic.twitter.com/57zEWIc1cH2017-05-27 14:13:48https://twitter.com/Jennpositiviam1/status/868470294511579138Jennpositiviam1
KQ GEO001868290242947800960KQ cooperates with Ningxia University to leverage academic resources for GIS solutions for Smart City and Smart Agriculture. pic.twitter.com/c5aeHwEsSc2017-05-27 02:18:20https://twitter.com/KqGeo/status/868290242947801088KqGeo
China Xinhua News2128888679712053949479688 ancient rock paintings of horses, believed to date back to Paleolithic or Neolithic Age, found in China's Ningxia http://xhne.ws/6qMCB pic.twitter.com/Ap7vPD1Btf2017-05-26 05:10:36https://twitter.com/XHNews/status/867971205394948096XHNews
Jim Baker701867926967915380992Brad Bodenhausen discussing International Leadership and Training Center programs with Ningxia University officials. pic.twitter.com/0jRsS8mtcM2017-05-26 02:14:49https://twitter.com/Jimbaker48/status/867926967915380736Jimbaker48
Jim Baker1301867923894719488000In Yinchuan signing two new agreements with our partner, Ningxia University. Long and very productive partnership. pic.twitter.com/uWOUDJOTwT2017-05-26 02:02:36https://twitter.com/Jimbaker48/status/867923894719488001Jimbaker48
China News 中国新闻网907867909160804930048#ChinaCulture: Successor of intangible cultural heritage of Ningxia makes embroidery works http://bit.ly/2r1tOj3 pic.twitter.com/0NigbEtMGM2017-05-26 01:04:03https://twitter.com/Echinanews/status/867909160804929540Echinanews
jamie k310865297350394294016i'm at the Ningxia Cabernet Sauvignon again, lads2017-05-18 20:05:39https://twitter.com/jkbloodtreasure/status/865297350394294272jkbloodtreasure
Kimberlasa200865283005874654976Where are all my #ningxiared addicts at? #startingthisjourney #youngliving #essentialoils #wolfberry #ningxia2017-05-18 19:08:39https://twitter.com/kimberlasa/status/865283005874655234kimberlasa
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2017-05-18 03:16:16https://twitter.com/Zhaopin_com/status/865043331897737216Zhaopin_com
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Kristi Madala, RN100864791951660470016Look what Ningxia Red can do to an unhealthy patients blood cell in 15 minutes! pic.twitter.com/S0gr7kah212017-05-17 10:37:22https://twitter.com/KristiMadala/status/864791951660470272KristiMadala
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Brendan J. Micik000864631670602968960I liked a @YouTube video http://youtu.be/yXrddCwUHWU?a  Young Living Essential Oils Introduction- Oils, NingXia, Thieves Updated 20172017-05-17 00:00:29https://twitter.com/LilSamson7/status/864631670602969090LilSamson7
T.Liston's Honeypot000864630431026728960A host at 111.113.149.74 (CN, Ningxia - Yinchuan) tried to log into my honeypot's fake MSSQL Server... #netmenaces 12017-05-16 23:55:33https://twitter.com/netmenaces/status/864630431026728965netmenaces
Jim Boyce/Grape Wall100864513646331703040Torres China's 20th birthday feat. magnums of Emma's Reserve, Silver Heights, Ningxia. SH w Torres since debut vintage in 2007. @TorresWinespic.twitter.com/U5XNMAQfvR2017-05-16 16:11:29https://twitter.com/grapewallchina/status/864513646331703296grapewallchina
Casey Beckett000864497333215604992The pugs love when I share my Ningxia Red from Young Living. Rose the Pug is taking her time… https://www.instagram.com/p/BUKFu71lMeT/2017-05-16 15:06:40https://twitter.com/oilyknitter/status/864497333215604736oilyknitter
Carolyn B. Heller100864492971567271936There was a long line in front of this stand at the Ningxia Night Market, so of course we had to… https://www.instagram.com/p/BUKDvwKllA6/2017-05-16 14:49:20https://twitter.com/CarolynBHeller/status/864492971567271937CarolynBHeller
#Wine Guru 🍷505864430947126595968#Wine #Vino #China: Ningxia Winemakers Challenge | Bottling Passes Halfway Point: By Jim Boyce… http://bit.ly/2pPYNx2  via @grapewallchina2017-05-16 10:42:52https://twitter.com/RealWineGuru/status/864430947126595585RealWineGuru
beijingboyce100864367097215767040Bottling passes halfway point for #Ningxia Winemakers Challenge. USD100,000+ in cash prizes. #China #Ningxia #Wine http://www.grapewallofchina.com/2017/05/16/ningxia-winemakers-challenge-wine-bottling/ …pic.twitter.com/Wei0OF1IhM2017-05-16 06:29:09https://twitter.com/beijingboyce/status/864367097215766529beijingboyce
seriouslywine000864366808010153984Ningxia Winemakers Challenge | Bottling Passes Halfway Point http://www.seriouslywine.com/2017/05/15/23/02/51/ningxia-winemakers-challenge-bottling-passes-halfway-point/ …2017-05-16 06:28:00https://twitter.com/seriouslywine/status/864366808010153987seriouslywine
Jim Boyce/Grape Wall000864366279355911936Bottling past halfway point for #Ningxia Winemakers Challenge. #Wine judged later this year, USD100,000+ in prizes.
http://www.grapewallofchina.com/2017/05/16/ningxia-winemakers-challenge-wine-bottling/ …pic.twitter.com/NCgtQyrTCE
2017-05-16 06:25:54https://twitter.com/grapewallchina/status/864366279355912192grapewallchina
Jennifer Atkinson000864206486452535040Day 1 (part B) -- Ningxia Red is off the charts when it comes to antioxidants scores. This is a… https://www.instagram.com/p/BUIBeQ8AUsc/2017-05-15 19:50:57https://twitter.com/jennatk/status/864206486452535296jennatk
City Girl000864195124326088960I'm never running out of Zyng, Ningxia Red or Nitro again. Most productive morning in ages and yes I woke up... http://fb.me/3oXjlKVTK2017-05-15 19:05:48https://twitter.com/sarahcheyanne/status/864195124326088705sarahcheyanne
Victor de la Serna E100864151644187000960Interesting question - but not one I'll be answering! Unless you can make a Latour taste-like with native grapes in Ningxia! https://twitter.com/MUSTwinesummit/status/864147670629326848 …2017-05-15 16:13:01https://twitter.com/VictordelaSerna/status/864151644187000833VictordelaSerna
Digital Marketing000864102742997873024We have own goji farm and factory In Ningxia,China,who offer High Quality Goji berry seeds. @ http://www.berrygoji.com/html_products/goji-berry-seeds-30.html …pic.twitter.com/ermo8fPFIU2017-05-15 12:58:42https://twitter.com/Jerywlson/status/864102742997872640Jerywlson
寧霞100864081142906994944self reminderhttps://twitter.com/EresInteligente/status/863906858997862400 …2017-05-15 11:32:52https://twitter.com/Ningxia_/status/864081142906994688Ningxia_
Amber Sonsalla000863822510349058048Stress Away & NingXia Nitro- This dynamic duo helps curb the 2pm slump plus gives you an aromatic mini vacation to a tropical island! pic.twitter.com/LimQTt7Yzo2017-05-14 18:25:10https://twitter.com/asonsalla2012/status/863822510349058048asonsalla2012
Dreamy Doll200863820612808184064I can arrange that! Add some NingXia2017-05-14 18:17:37https://twitter.com/DankyDoll/status/863820612808183808DankyDoll
Sarah Brun000863769015507862016Mother's Day at home Brunch from Joey & the girls, complete with NingXia mimosas https://www.instagram.com/p/BUE6iFdhTFD/2017-05-14 14:52:36https://twitter.com/sarbrun/status/863769015507861504sarbrun
Jenny Eden Coaching000863727879447817984Pinned to Holistic Health Topics on @Pinterest: Ningxia Red is a nutritious juice made from the antioxidant-pack… http://ift.tt/2pxYwmt2017-05-14 12:09:08https://twitter.com/coachjennyeden/status/863727879447818240coachjennyeden
Christee Brindzik000863590724889181952Because ... #GirlsNightOut !!
.
.
.
#NingXia #Nitro #NingXiaNitro #NaturalEnergy #ChemicalFree https://www.instagram.com/p/BUDpdONjFgl/
2017-05-14 03:04:08https://twitter.com/Get_Oily/status/863590724889182208Get_Oily
HeavenlyGaits000863555742456008960Sweet and tangy, Ningxia Red's formula includes wolfberry, which is touted for its health benefits. http://ow.ly/zFkQ30bxIbJ2017-05-14 00:45:07https://twitter.com/HeavenlyGaits/status/863555742456008705HeavenlyGaits
Stoner Mermaid300863510977832247040Ningxia straight from the bottle and a joint #Saturdaze2017-05-13 21:47:15https://twitter.com/St0nerMermaid/status/863510977832247296St0nerMermaid
Vox Populi Sbc000863396825386057984Have you done business with China Moslem in Ningxia? If not, join business trip to Ningxia on… https://www.instagram.com/p/BTvjC4eAnnU/2017-05-13 14:13:38https://twitter.com/VoxSBC/status/863396825386057728VoxSBC
Nick Breeze000863266184199889024Journey to the #China: 6 wines frm Ningxia paired w 6 pieces of Chinese classical music in #London Sun 14
http://www.bachmeetsbarolo.com/bookonline  #wine
2017-05-13 05:34:31https://twitter.com/NickGBreeze/status/863266184199888900NickGBreeze
CSEN506863106066111906048Asia Society’s “Monks & Merchants: Silk Road Treasures from NW China, Gansu & Ningxia, 4th-7th Centuries”: http://bit.ly/2qbzZCl pic.twitter.com/kkEKZRd0Gb2017-05-12 18:58:16https://twitter.com/csen_nomads/status/863106066111905793csen_nomads
Govt Of The Punjab30110863004445264809984"Punjab’s relationship with provinces of China like Sichuan, Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangdong and Ningxia are growing day by day." CM #SSinChinapic.twitter.com/BjPzZOWoIT2017-05-12 12:14:28https://twitter.com/GovtOfPunjab/status/863004445264809984GovtOfPunjab
Qingdao Red Lions FC200862951513261342976MATCH LOCATION | Coming to watch us on sunday? Haiyue East Road at Qingdao Uni East Campus (entrances at Ningxia Road & Xianggang East Road)2017-05-12 08:44:08https://twitter.com/qingdaoredlions/status/862951513261342720qingdaoredlions
stephanie finochio000862882375868572032I liked a @YouTube video http://youtu.be/YSRNIEtJjQw?a  Master Formula and NingXia Red2017-05-12 04:09:24https://twitter.com/actiontrinity/status/862882375868571648actiontrinity
Mary100862728905102316032Biochar amendment reduces paddy soil nitrogen leaching but increases net global warming potential in Ningxia… http://dlvr.it/P6tJVV2017-05-11 17:59:34https://twitter.com/myearthproject/status/862728905102315520myearthproject
omar ali102862726353392726016I think the stress is on splittism, not Quran per se..same verses may get shared in Ningxia without too much notice. For now.. https://twitter.com/IslamAndRF/status/862404248478285824 …2017-05-11 17:49:25https://twitter.com/omarali50/status/862726353392726016omarali50
FeOM Research100862717746613703040Biochar amendment reduces paddy soil nitrogen leaching but increases net global warming potential in Ningxia… http://dlvr.it/P6sR2Z2017-05-11 17:15:13https://twitter.com/FeOM_Research/status/862717746613702660FeOM_Research
Essentially Fit000862691871713373952Essentially Fit Club approved!
.
Take the power of NingXia Red® anywhere you go with Young… https://www.instagram.com/p/BT9QtHXDn9e/
2017-05-11 15:32:24https://twitter.com/Michael_Thrash/status/862691871713374208Michael_Thrash
Essential Oils Life100862680958398583040NingXia Nitro delivers a wide range of powerful cognitive enhancers in a proprietary Nitro… https://www.instagram.com/p/BT9LvZvlBjk/2017-05-11 14:49:02https://twitter.com/abbeymcclure/status/862680958398582784abbeymcclure
T.Liston's Honeypot000862508856957709952A host at 218.95.151.238 (CN, Ningxia - Yinchuan) tried to log into my honeypot's fake MSSQL Server... #netmenaces 12017-05-11 03:25:10https://twitter.com/netmenaces/status/862508856957710336netmenaces
Jamie Rhone000862468265054011008Ningxia Red. Oh how I love thee.

I can't imagine going without it and I like saving money. Sound like you? Well... http://fb.me/1ZxoeNyuR
2017-05-11 00:43:52https://twitter.com/spajamie1/status/862468265054011392spajamie1
The Oil Posse100862429003084427008Can you think of a better way to host a business building class than to freeze Ningxia Red in these diamond ice... http://fb.me/1iK0DEHA42017-05-10 22:07:52https://twitter.com/theoilposse/status/862429003084427265theoilposse
VinusWineBlog310862404957521268992I reiterate my offer to send you a bottle or two... I plan to be in #ningxia in June or July to blend/bottle my 2015 #CabernetSauvignon2017-05-10 20:32:19https://twitter.com/VinusWine/status/862404957521268737VinusWine
Kimmy000862399398432711040"If you want to be energized, fortified, and replenished with abundance, you need to start living with NingXia... http://fb.me/AsruST1I2017-05-10 20:10:13https://twitter.com/Beanes1Baby/status/862399398432710658Beanes1Baby
VinusWineBlog210862395083097767936A5: #ConoSurWineTalk I am defo laying down some #Ningxia wines @cielito_wine but I have one or two smaller French chateaux in Cab blends2017-05-10 19:53:04https://twitter.com/VinusWine/status/862395083097767937VinusWine
VinusWineBlog220862385414258269952good evening all! Has to be a chinese wine: #ningxia #cabernetsauvignon 2012 #ChateauYuange @cielito_winepic.twitter.com/vqkytfk8vT2017-05-10 19:14:39https://twitter.com/VinusWine/status/862385414258270208VinusWine
Susan Hutchinson000862258418018648064Good Morning! Happy Wednesday!! Extra coffee & Ningxia Red for me today... **yawn**...2017-05-10 10:50:01https://twitter.com/susanhutchinson/status/862258418018648065susanhutchinson
Forever Young EO000862115758515662976Trust me...every body needs what NingXia Red has! Here's the challenge: Try it for 1 month… https://www.instagram.com/p/BT5KuF3A2NS/2017-05-10 01:23:08https://twitter.com/lynene_young/status/862115758515662848lynene_young
Taunia May000862080566585328000People ask me all the time how I keep my energy up with so many things going on. Ningxia Red is a natural... http://fb.me/5OhmakUrM2017-05-09 23:03:18https://twitter.com/Taunia1002/status/862080566585327616Taunia1002
Caitlin Fisch000862072238358528000Essential Rewards!!! I am so excited that my monthly order is here! We have all the Ningxia
for… https://www.instagram.com/p/BT427fhgtM1/
2017-05-09 22:30:12https://twitter.com/thejoyofcaitlin/status/862072238358528000thejoyofcaitlin
Barnes Essentials000861981570361699968NingXia Red® is a delicious superfruit beverage
that combines whole Ningxia wolfberry puree;
a superfruit blend... http://fb.me/7LL66lMjl
2017-05-09 16:29:55https://twitter.com/barnesessential/status/861981570361700352barnesessential
Sandy Wieber000861932831169293952Support your immune system all year!
Start now sunny fall you're way ahead of the game

2oz NingXia Red
1 Shot... http://fb.me/2JOQzX94O
2017-05-09 13:16:15https://twitter.com/wellnesswithoil/status/861932831169294336wellnesswithoil
Brandy Gates000861922288547102976Get your day started with Ningxia Red. Keep your immune system above… https://www.instagram.com/p/BT3yvIBlLrp/2017-05-09 12:34:21https://twitter.com/SBE_BrandyGates/status/861922288547102720SBE_BrandyGates
Kristina Montes000861870235187638016NingXia is special! Nutrition=support 4 immune, energy, cardio, eye, healthy BP, hair/nails... #nutrition #antioxidants #nomoreenergydrinkspic.twitter.com/kSW52Iebi22017-05-09 09:07:31https://twitter.com/kristina_montes/status/861870235187638273kristina_montes
Amazing.Mom.SG001861772549419618048Morning Routine Buddies GRAPEFRUIT VITALITY #ningxiared #ningxia #GrapefruitVitality #essentialoil... http://fb.me/11UfNzVDs2017-05-09 02:39:21https://twitter.com/QQFashionBeauty/status/861772549419618309QQFashionBeauty
Hari ng Lakbay000861736140457595008Part 6 - Ningxia Night Market 寧夏夜市 - Taiwanese Street Food
We are back in Taipei! After an amazing weekend in... http://fb.me/8CTmBJSAn
2017-05-09 00:14:40https://twitter.com/JustinQueyquep/status/861736140457594880JustinQueyquep
Hari ng Lakbay000861608312164494976After an amazing weekend in Chiayi, we headed back to Taipei. First stop, Ningxia Night Market! This market is... http://fb.me/3DOy1QvZi2017-05-08 15:46:44https://twitter.com/JustinQueyquep/status/861608312164495361JustinQueyquep
Amber Joy Olney400861598216403522048This Monday needs COFFEE and OIL and NINGXIA and ARETHA and a LATE START amen?!2017-05-08 15:06:37https://twitter.com/amberjoyolney/status/861598216403521536amberjoyolney
Rebecca Pope000861579824263048960NingXia Red Gummies Tutorial!

We have a NingXia Red Challenge happening right now in our oils team and I wanted... http://fb.me/234otIH80
2017-05-08 13:53:32https://twitter.com/Beck_Pope/status/861579824263049217Beck_Pope
Crafty JBird000861569485282488064When you're still out of Ningxia Red because the box you're waiting for has been sitting 2 hours… https://www.instagram.com/p/BT1STUPBKkU/2017-05-08 13:12:27https://twitter.com/craftyjbird/status/861569485282488321craftyjbird
Roxanne #WeDigYLOils000861568360709881984For sure!!! NINGXIA RED - whole body nutrient drink!! #ReapTheBenefits Order here http://yl.pe/4qp4  Read http://www.ningxiared.com pic.twitter.com/qDy7cdX19w2017-05-08 13:07:59https://twitter.com/DigTracsChick/status/861568360709881857DigTracsChick
SaltNPepper000861555266009128960Need a little boost this Monday morning? Throw some En-R-Gee on your feet and drink down a Ningxia Nitro to start... http://fb.me/1jb4BkAOD2017-05-08 12:15:56https://twitter.com/n_pepper/status/861555266009128962n_pepper
Essentially Fit000861369600398765952Essentially Fit Club approved!
.
Take the power of NingXia Red® anywhere you go with Young… https://www.instagram.com/p/BTz3Z-XDfPI/
2017-05-07 23:58:10https://twitter.com/Michael_Thrash/status/861369600398766080Michael_Thrash
Amber Sonsalla000861295927054795008RC & NingXia Red- I love RC because it feels great to breathe in deeply + NingXia Red supports my overall wellness with antioxidant power! pic.twitter.com/gxkaaRDz2Y2017-05-07 19:05:25https://twitter.com/asonsalla2012/status/861295927054794752asonsalla2012
Kristen Daschke000861238624280563968#Sunday Ningxia Red wolfberry juice incorporates the benefits of Goji berry, aronia berry and therapeutic... http://fb.me/1n9l8d5SP2017-05-07 15:17:43https://twitter.com/kristendaschke/status/861238624280563713kristendaschke
Just A Drop000861211265464749952NingXia Red is a delicious daily supplement that supports normal eye health, cellular function, and energy levels. http://buff.ly/2qJqIQ32017-05-07 13:29:00https://twitter.com/essentialoil5/status/861211265464750080essentialoil5
GOIC000861149873147698944GOIC and Ningxia team discuss cooperation http://www.marketstoday.net/news/goic-and-ningxia-team-discuss-cooperation/20245/en/ … via @MarketsTodayme @GOICGCC @AbdulazizAlage32017-05-07 09:25:03https://twitter.com/GOICGCC/status/861149873147699203GOICGCC
Taunia May000861006117123620992Keeping my energy level up is very important! Lots of amazing stuff going on and gotta keep going! Ningxia Red... http://fb.me/30oaQQfmj2017-05-06 23:53:49https://twitter.com/Taunia1002/status/861006117123620864Taunia1002
Bobbi Raffin000860954535875031040My skeptical husband just tried a NingXia ZING! He loves it!! Even wants to take some to work.… https://www.instagram.com/p/BTw6p3ylDxz/2017-05-06 20:28:51https://twitter.com/BobbiRaffin/status/860954535875031040BobbiRaffin
Alain Deloire000860880159267856000Data from OIV presented a few days ago at the 10th international symposium of viticulture and oenology in Ningxia pic.twitter.com/wZccxbYM6H2017-05-06 15:33:19https://twitter.com/alaindeloire/status/860880159267856384alaindeloire
Emily Anderson000860863912044002944Every morning, every body. #ningxia #youngliving #ningxiared #yleo #essentialoils #oilyemily… https://www.instagram.com/p/BTwRchYjrOA/2017-05-06 14:28:45https://twitter.com/kadooper/status/860863912044003332kadooper
Essentially Fit000860695377820995968pee_robi and lo_robi getting great support for body and mind wellness, use NingXia Nitro for… https://www.instagram.com/p/BTvEzD4jqT7/2017-05-06 03:19:03https://twitter.com/Michael_Thrash/status/860695377820995585Michael_Thrash
Roil Oils000860667534021885952Ningxia Red is so good! Add a daily shot of NingXia Red® to your diet to enjoy the benefits of… https://www.instagram.com/p/BTu4JKejOH2/2017-05-06 01:28:25https://twitter.com/rcuozzo22/status/860667534021885952rcuozzo22
Ashlee Wallace000860644359733105024I wanted to go to bed ... the boys thought chugging Ningxia pouches was a better idea and no,… https://www.instagram.com/p/BTutmwKhVHO/2017-05-05 23:56:20https://twitter.com/pastortomswife/status/860644359733104640pastortomswife
Zhao Li Ying 赵丽颖 HQ2104860530526821555968Couple more photos of Li Ying filming for #72FloorsofMystery today in Ningxia
#七十二层奇楼 #趙麗穎 #赵丽颖 #จ้าวลี่อิง #zhaoliyingpic.twitter.com/2Phn3fG5c5
2017-05-05 16:24:00https://twitter.com/zhaoliying_hq/status/860530526821556224zhaoliying_hq
Erin Slocum100860196939089837952All the sad feelings when my Ningxia bottle is empty. I personally love the glass bottles. I'm not fond of... http://fb.me/8QpAqAIsk2017-05-04 18:18:26https://twitter.com/erin_slocum/status/860196939089838080erin_slocum

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